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Lithium (Li) metal anodes are essential for developing next-generationhigh-energy-density batteries. Numerous concerns on the potential safetyhazards of the Li metal have been brought up before its massive application incommercialized battery packs. However, few investigations have been performedto systematically evaluate the reactivity of Li metal anode in full cell level.Here, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) with in situ Fourier-transforminfrared spectroscopy (FTIR) are used to quantitatively investigate the Limetal reactivity. Lithiated graphite (Li-Gr) and lithiated silicon (Li-Si) arealso studied as the comparison samples. The reactivity of the plated Li whencoupled with different electrolyte composition, morphology, and atmosphere issystematically studied. More importantly, the reactivity of Li metal full cellwith different cathode materials (NMC622, LFP and LNMO) has been compared. Itwas found that all cell components, including electrolyte composition, Limorphology, the control of inactive Li accumulation and cathode stability, areessential in controlling the reactivity of the plated Li. After optimizingthese conditions, the Li metal full cell shows no significant thermal reactionup to 400C. This work identifies the key parameters in controlling thereactivity of the plated Li and may facilitate lithium metal battery design andmanufacturing in the coming future.

Key Parameters in Determining the Reactivity of Lithium Metal Battery