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Ray tracing is a powerful tool that can be used to predict wireless channelcharacteristics, reducing the need for extensive channel measurements forchannel characterization, evaluation of performance of sensing applicationssuch as position location, and wireless network deployment. In this work,NYURay, a 3D mmWave and sub-THz ray tracer, is introduced, which is calibratedto wireless channel propagation measurements conducted at 28, 73, and 140 GHz,in indoor office, outdoor, and factory environments. We present an accurate yetlow-complexity calibration procedure to obtain electrical properties ofmaterials in any environment by modeling the reflection coefficient of buildingmaterials to be independent of the angle of incidence, a simplification shownto be quite effective in [1] over 30 years ago. We show that after calibration,NYURay can accurately predict individual directional multipath signal power.The standard deviation in the error of the directional multipath powerpredicted by the ray tracer compared to the directional measured power was lessthan 3 dB in indoor office environments and less than 2 dB in outdoor andfactory environments.

Calibration of NYURay, a 3D mmWave and sub-THz Ray Tracer using Indoor, Outdoor, and Factory Channel Measurements