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Charge density waves (CDWs) have been tied to a number of unusual phenomenain kagome metals, including rotation symmetry breaking, time-reversal symmetrybreaking and superconductivity. The majority of the experiments thus far havefocused on the CDW states in AV3Sb5 and FeGe, characterized by the 2a0 by 2a0period. Recently, a bulk CDW phase (T* ~ 92 K) with a different wave length andorientation has been reported in ScV6Sn6, as the first realization of a CDWstate in the broad RM6X6 structure. Here, using a combination of scanningtunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and angle-resolved photoemissionspectroscopy, we reveal the microscopic structure and the spectroscopicsignatures of this charge ordering phase in ScV6Sn6. Differential conductancedI/dV spectra show a partial gap opening in the density-of-states of about 20meV at the Fermi level. This is much smaller than the spectral gaps observed inAV3Sb5 and FeGe despite the comparable T* temperatures in these systems,suggesting substantially weaker coupling strength in ScV6Sn6. Surprisingly,despite the three-dimensional bulk nature of the charge order, we find that thecharge modulation is only observed on the kagome termination.Temperature-dependent band structure evolution suggests a modulation of thesurface states as a consequence of the emergent charge order, with an abruptspectral weight shift below T* consistent with the first-order phasetransition. The similarity of the electronic band structures of ScV6Sn6 andTbV6Sn6 (where charge ordering is absent), together with the first-principlecalculations, suggests that charge ordering in ScV6Sn6 may not be primarilyelectronically driven. Interestingly, in contrast to the CDW state of cousinAV3Sb5, we find no evidence supporting rotation symmetry breaking. Our resultsreveal a distinctive nature of the charge ordering phase in ScV6Sn6 incomparison to other kagome metals.

Nanoscale visualization and spectral fingerprints of the charge order in ScV6Sn6 distinct from other kagome metals