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In this work, we report observations of phase transitions in 2D multistablemechanical metamaterials that are initiated by collisions of soliton-likepulses in the metamaterial. Analogous to first-order phase transitions incrystalline solids, we experimentally and numerically observe that themultistable metamaterials support phase transitions if the new phase meets orexceeds a critical nucleus size. If this criterion is met, the new phasesubsequently propagates in the form of transition waves, converting the rest ofthe metamaterial to the new phase. More interestingly, we observe that thecritical nucleus can be formed via collisions of soliton-like pulses. Moreover,the rich direction-dependent behavior of the nonlinear pulses enables controlof the location of nucleation and the spatio-temporal shape of the growingphase.

Phase transitions in 2D multistable mechanical metamaterials via collisions of soliton-like pulses