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Three-dimensional X-ray diffraction (3DXRD) has been used to measure,in-situ, the evolution of $\sim 1800$ grains in a single phase low carbonferritic steel sample during uniaxial deformation. The distribution of initialresidual grain stresses in the material was observed to prevail as plasticitybuilds, though became less pronounced, and therefore less influential as strainincreased. The initial Schmid factor of a grain was found to be stronglycorrelated to the intergranular stress change and the range of stresses thatare permissible; a grain well aligned for easy slip is more likely to exhibit arange of stresses than those orientated poorly for dislocation motion. Theorientation path of a grain, however, is not only dependent on its initialorientation, but hypothesised to be influenced by its stress state and thestress state of its grain environment. A grain neighbourhood effect isobserved: the Schmid factor of serial adjoining grains influences the stressstate of a grain of interest, whereas parallel neighbours are much lessinfluential. This phenomenon is strongest at low plastic strains only, with theeffect diminishing as plasticity builds. The influence of initial residualstresses becomes less evident, and grains rotate to eliminate any orientationdependent load shedding. The ability of the BCC ferrite to exhaust suchneighbourhood interactions, which would otherwise be detrimental in crystalstructures with lower symmetric and fewer slip systems, is considered key tothe high ductility possessed by these materials.

Per-grain and neighbourhood stress interactions during deformation of a ferritic steel obtained using three-dimensional X-ray diffraction