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Beamforming design has been widely investigated for integrated sensing andcommunication (ISAC) systems with full-duplex (FD) sensing and half-duplex (HD)communication. To achieve higher spectral efficiency, in this paper, we extendexisting ISAC beamforming design by considering the FD capability for bothradar and communication. Specifically, we consider an ISAC system, where thebase station (BS) performs target detection and communicates with multipledownlink users and uplink users reusing the same time and frequency resources.We jointly optimize the downlink dual-functional transmit signal and the uplinkreceive beamformers at the BS and the transmit power at the uplink users. Theproblem is formulated to minimize the total transmit power of the system whileguaranteeing the communication and sensing requirements. The downlink anduplink transmissions are tightly coupled, making the joint optimizationchallenging. To handle this issue, we first determine the receive beamformersin closed forms with respect to the BS transmit beamforming and the usertransmit power and then suggest an iterative solution to the remaining problem.We demonstrate via numerical results that the optimized FD communication-basedISAC leads to power efficiency improvement compared to conventional ISAC withHD communication.

Integrated sensing and full-duplex communication: Joint transceiver beamforming and power allocation