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Electronic nematicity has been commonly observed in juxtaposition withunconventional superconductivity. Understanding the nature of the nematicstate, as well as its consequence on the electronic band structure andsuperconductivity, has become a pivotal focus in condensed matter physics. Herewe use spectroscopic imaging-scanning tunneling microscopy to visualize how theinteracting quasiparticles organize themselves in the nematic state of kagomesuperconductor CsV$_{3-x}$Ti$_x$Sb$_5$, in which twofold symmetric (C$_2$)quasiparticle scattering interference of the vanadium kagome bands emergesbelow the bulk nematic transition temperature (T$_{nem}$). Surprisingly, wefind that the coupling to collective modes, i.e., the phonon, dramaticallyalters the electrons self-energy and renormalizes the Fermi velocity of thein-plane vanadium d$_{xy/x^2-y^2}$ bands only along the C$_2$ direction, makingthe low-energy dispersion and electron dynamics highly nonequivalent along thethree lattice directions. The anti-correlation between T$_{nem}$ and thesuperconducting transition temperature upon Ti substitution further suggests apossible competition between superconductivity and electron nematicity in thisseries, with a principal superconducting gap opening on the same V bands oncethe nematic state is totally suppressed. The organizing principle of thesequasiparticles provides essential information for understanding the interplaybetween charge density wave and superconductivity in these kagomesuperconductors, and also reveals a previously unexplored form that expands thelandscape for modelling electronic nematicity in systems where electroncorrelations and lattice degree of freedom act in concert.

Unidirectional electron-phonon coupling as a "fingerprint'' of the nematic state in a kagome superconductor