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Electron-electron scattering on the order of a few to tens of femtosecondsplays a crucial role in the ultrafast electron dynamics of conventional metals.When mid-infrared light is used for driving and the period of light field iscomparable to the scattering time in metals, unique light-driven states andnonlinear optical responses associated with the scattering process are expectedto occur. Here, we use high-harmonics spectroscopy to investigate the effect ofelectron-electron scattering on the electron dynamics in thin film 2H-NbSe$_2$driven by a mid-infrared field. We observed odd-order high harmonics up to 9thorder as well as a broadband emission from hot electrons in the energy rangefrom 1.5 to 4.0 eV. The electron-electron scattering time in NbSe$_2$ wasestimated from the broadband emission to be almost the same as the period ofthe mid-infrared light field. A comparison between experimental results and anumerical calculation reveals that a kind of resonance between scattering anddriving enhances the non-perturbative behavior of high harmonics in metals,causing a highly non-equilibrium electronic state corresponding to severalthousand Kelvin.

Ultrafast electron-electron scattering in metallic phase of 2H-NbSe$_2$ probed by high harmonic generation