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Two drifting wave buoys were deployed in the central Arctic Ocean, north ofthe Laptev Sea, where there are historically no wave observations available. Anexperimental wave buoy was deployed alongside a commercial buoy. The inter-buoycomparison showed that the experimental buoy measured wave heights and periodsaccurately; so the buoy data were used to study the predictability of awave-ice model in this region. The first event we focused was when both buoysobserved a sudden decrease in significant wave heights $H_{m0}$. The suddendecrease was caused by the change of wind directions from along the ice edge tooff-ice wind. This event was compared with the ARC MFC wave-ice model product,which underestimated the $H_{m0}$. The inaccurate model representation of anice tongue located upwind of the buoys was found to constrain the availablefetch for wave growth. The second case was when the buoys entered ice cover asnew ice formed; an on-ice wave event was observed and the buoy downwindmeasured 1.25 m $H_{m0}$. In this instance, the ARC MFC wave-ice model productlargely underestimated the downwind buoy $H_{m0}$. To investigate this event,model sea ice conditions were examined by comparing the ARC MFC sea ice forcingwith the neXtSIM sea ice model product. Our analysis revealed that the thin icethickness distribution for ice types like young and grey ice, typically lessthan 30 cm, were not resolved. The ARC MFC model's wave dissipation rate has asea ice thickness dependence, and therefore, it overestimates wave dissipationin thin ice cover; sea ice forcing that can resolve the thin thicknessdistribution is needed to improve the predictability. This study provides anobservational insight into better predictions of waves in marginal ice zoneswhen new ice forms.

A comparison of an operational wave-ice model product and drifting wave  buoy observation in the central Arctic Ocean: investigating the effect of sea  ice forcing in thin ice cover