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To characterise the NISP (Near-Infrared Spectrometer and Photometer)instrument optical capability before the launch of the \Euclid telescope toorbit, foreseen in 2023, data analysis of ground-based tests and Monte Carlosimulations that mimic the expected NISP performance were carried out.Pre-launch test data were analysed to assess the fulfilment of the missionspecifications in terms of Point Spread Function (PSF), set at EE50(PSF)$\,\leq0.3$ arcseconds, and with a spectral resolution below 16 angstroms per pixel.We also provide a first comparison between real images from the ground-basedtests with simulated ones. We confirm the high optical quality of the NISPinstrument, fulfilling the mission specifications in terms of PSF and spectraldispersion with a good agreement between the different test campaigns. Wevalidated the PSF and spectral dispersion provided by the NISP simulator, acrucial aspect to validate the consistency between real and simulated images.

Pre-launch optical verification of the Euclid NISP instrument and comparison with simulated images