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This paper investigates how to efficiently and economically deliver offshoreenergy generated by offshore wind turbines to onshore. Both power cables andhydrogen energy facilities are analyzed. Each method is examined with theassociated proposed optimal sizing model. A cost-benefit analysis is conducted,and these methods are compared under different scenarios. Three long-distanceenergy transmission methods are proposed to transmit offshore energy onshore,considering the capital/operation costs for related energy conversion andtransmission facilities. The first method that deploys power cables only is abenchmark method. The other two methods utilize a hydrogen supercenter (HSC)and transmit offshore energy to and onshore substation through hydrogenpipelines. For the second method, electrolyzers are placed at offshore windfarms connected to HSC with low-pressure hydrogen pipelines. For the thirdmethod, offshore wind power is distributed to the HSC and then converted intohydrogen using electrolyzers placed at the HSC. An offshore scenario includingthree wind farms located in the Gulf of Mexico and one onshore substation isused as the base test case. Numerical simulations are conducted over a planningperiod of 30 years using the proposed optimization models for each methodseparately. Simulation results show that the proposed hydrogen-based methodscan effectively transmit offshore energy to the onshore substation. Thedistances between the wind farms can influence the selection and configurationof the offshore wind energy system. Moreover, the proposed study analyzes thecost and benefits for various systems with different energy carriers. It canalso suggest which method could be the best candidate for offshore energydelivery system under which scenario and demonstrate a promising future foroffshore wind power generation.

Cost-benefit Analysis And Comparisons For Different Offshore Wind Energy Transmission Systems