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The opening of the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum bands for 5Gcommunications has motivated the need for novel spectrum sharing solutions atthese high frequencies. In fact, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)have recently emerged to enable spectrum sharing while enhancing theincumbents' quality-of-service (QoS). Nonetheless, co-existence over mmWavebands remains persistently challenging due to their unfavorable propagationcharacteristics. Hence, initiating mmWave spectrum sharing requires the RIS tofurther assist in improving the QoS over mmWave bands without jeopardizingspectrum sharing demands. In this paper, a novel simultaneous transmitting andreflecting RIS (STAR-RIS)-aided solution to enable mmWave spectrum sharing isproposed. In particular, the transmitting and reflecting abilities of theSTAR-RIS are leveraged to tackle the mmWave spectrum sharing and QoSrequirements separately. The STAR-RIS-enabled spectrum sharing problem betweena primary network (e.g. a radar transmit-receive pair) and a secondary networkis formulated as an optimization problem whose goal is to maximize the downlinksum-rate over a secondary multiple-input-single-output (MISO) network, whilelimiting interference over a primary network. Moreover, the STAR-RIS responsecoefficients and beamforming matrix in the secondary network are jointlyoptimized. To solve this non-convex problem, an alternating iterative algorithmis employed, where the STAR-RIS response coefficients and beamforming matrixare obtained using the successive convex approximation method. Simulationresults show that the proposed solution outperforms conventional RIS schemesfor mmWave spectrum sharing by achieving a 14.57% spectral efficiency gain.

Simultaneous Transmitting and Reflecting (STAR)-RIS for Harmonious Millimeter Wave Spectrum Sharing