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In recent years, recycling and disposal of end-of-life (EOL) electronicproducts has attracted considerable attention in response to concerns overresource recovery and environmental impacts of electronic waste (e-waste). Inmany countries, legislation to make manufacturers responsible for takinge-waste at the end of their useful lives either has been adopted or is beingconsidered. In this paper, by capturing different stages in the life-cycle ofEOL electronic products (or, e-waste) generated from private or small-entityusers, we develop two different formulations of a reverse logistics network,i.e. system-optimum model and user-optimum model, to estimate both economic andenvironmental effects of take-back legislation. In this system, e-waste iscollected through user drop-off at designated collection sites. While we studythe whole reverse logistics network associated with recycling andremanufacturing of e-waste in the system-optimum model and obtain an optimumsolution from the policy maker's perspective, we split the logistics networkinto two distinct parts in the user-optimum model in order to derive an optimumsolution from the users' standpoint. Implementing the proposed models on anillustrative example shows how they are capable of estimating the economic andenvironmental impacts of take-back legislation in various stages of e-waste'slife-cycle.

Reverse Logistics Network Design to Estimate the Economic and  Environmental Impacts of Take-back Legislation: A Case Study for E-waste  Management System in Washington State