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Out-of-equilibrium investigation of strongly correlated materials deciphersthe hidden equilibrium properties. Herein, we have investigated theout-of-equilibrium magnetic properties of polycrystalline Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7spin ices. The experimental results show the emergence of magneticfield-induced anomalous hysteresis observed only in temperature/magneticfield-dependent ac susceptibility measurements. The observed memory effect(anomalous thermomagnetic hysteresis) strongly depends on the driving thermaland non-thermal variables. Contrary, in the absence of the magnetic field,dipolar interaction induced Ising paramagnetic to spin ice crossover develops aliquid-gas transition type hysteresis below 4 K. Unlike field-inducedhysteresis, it shows weak dependency on thermal and non-thermal variables. Dueto the non-colinear spin structure, the applied dc bias magnetic field producesquench disorder sites in the cooperative Ising spin matrix and suppresses thespin-phonon coupling. These quench disorders create dynamic spin correlationsgoverned by quantum fluctuations, having slow spin relaxation and quick decaytimes, which additionally contribute to ac susceptibility. The initialconditions and measurement protocol decide the magnitude and sign of thisdynamical term contributing to ac susceptibility. It has been suggested thatsuch kind of out-of-equilibrium properties emerge by the cumulative effect ofgeometric frustration, disorder, quantum fluctuations, and the cooperativenature of spin dynamics of these materials.

Emergence of field-induced memory effect in spin ices