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Making data and metadata FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable)has become an important objective in research and industry, and knowledgegraphs and ontologies have been cornerstones in many going-FAIR strategies. Inthis process, however, human-actionability of data and metadata has been lostsight of. Here, in the first part, I discuss two issues exemplifying the lackof human-actionability in knowledge graphs and I suggest adding the Principleof human Explorability to extend FAIR to the FAIREr Guiding Principles.Moreover, in its interoperability framework and as part of its GoingFAIRstrategy, the European Open Science Cloud initiative distinguishes betweentechnical, semantic, organizational, and legal interoperability and I argue toadd cognitive interoperability. In the second part, I provide a shortintroduction to semantic units and discuss how they increase the humanexplorability and cognitive interoperability of knowledge graphs. Semanticunits structure a knowledge graph into identifiable and semantically meaningfulsubgraphs, each represented with its own resource that instantiates acorresponding semantic unit class. Three categories of semantic units can bedistinguished: Statement units model individual propositions, compound unitsare semantically meaningful collections of semantic units, and question unitsmodel questions that translate into queries. I conclude with discussing howsemantic units provide a framework for the development of innovative userinterfaces that support exploring and accessing information in the graph byreducing its complexity to what currently interests the user, therebysignificantly increasing the cognitive interoperability and thushuman-actionability of knowledge graphs.

Extending FAIR to FAIREr: Cognitive Interoperability and the Human Explorability of Data and Metadata