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The Radio Access Network (RAN) is the segment of cellular networks thatprovides wireless connectivity to end-users. O-RAN Alliance has beentransforming the RAN industry by proposing open RAN specifications and theprogrammable Non-Real-Time and Near-Real-Time RAN Intelligent Controllers(Non-RT RIC and Near-RT RIC). Both RICs provide platforms for runningapplications called rApps and xApps, respectively, to optimize the behavior ofthe RAN. We investigate a disaggregation strategy of the Near-RT RIC so thatits components meet stringent latency requirements while presenting acost-effective solution. We propose the novel RIC Orchestrator (RIC-O) thatoptimizes the deployment of the Near-RT RIC components across the cloud-edgecontinuum. Edge computing nodes often present limited resources and areexpensive compared to cloud computing. For example, in the O-RAN SignallingStorm Protection, Near-RT RIC is expected to support end-to-end control looplatencies as low as 10ms. Therefore, performance-critical components of Near-RTRIC and certain xApps should run at the edge while other components can run onthe cloud. Furthermore, RIC-O employs an efficient strategy to react to suddenchanges and re-deploy components dynamically. We evaluate our proposal throughanalytical modeling and real-world experiments in an extended Kubernetesdeployment implementing RIC-O and disaggregated Near-RT RIC.

RIC-O: Efficient placement of a disaggregated and distributed RAN Intelligent Controller with dynamic clustering of radio nodes