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Topological materials are of high interest due to the promise to obtain lowpower and fast memory devices based on efficient spin-orbit torque switching orspin-orbit magnetic state read-out. In particular, sputtered polycrystallineBi$_x$Se$_{1-x}$ is one of the materials with more potential for this purposesince it is relatively easy to fabricate and has been reported to have a veryhigh spin Hall angle. We study the spin-to-charge conversion inBi$_x$Se$_{1-x}$ using the spin pumping technique coming from the ferromagneticresonance in a contiguous permalloy thin film. We put a special emphasis on theinterfacial properties of the system. Our results show that the spin Hall angleof Bi$_x$Se$_{1-x}$ has an opposite sign to the one of Pt. The charge currentarising from the spin-to-charge conversion is, in contrast, lower than Pt bymore than one order of magnitude. We ascribe this to the interdiffusion ofBi$_x$Se$_{1-x}$ and permalloy and the changes in chemical composition producedby this effect, which is an intrinsic characteristic of the system and is notconsidered in many other studies.

Spin-to-charge conversion by spin pumping in sputtered polycrystalline Bi$_x$Se$_{1-x}$