English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Pion condensation in an ultra-relativistic collision is an open puzzle yet tobe verified experimentally. However, it is not trivial to have a conclusiveresult of pion condensation due to various experimental constraints.Nevertheless, numerous theoretical approaches can help in understanding thehigh-temperature Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) in a better way. This workuses the shear ($\eta$) and bulk viscosity ($\zeta$) phenomena for a hot anddense pion gas to investigate the effect of possible Bose-Einstein condensationin such an environment. This study considers the relaxation time approximationunder the Boltzmann transport equation to estimate $\eta$ and $\zeta$. Further,it explores the significance of the temperature and chemical potential on thenumber of particles in the condensate and viscosities. We find a substantialchange in the viscosity when the pion gas is under BEC. In addition, we alsostudy the speed of sound ($c_{\rm s}$) for the pion gas under BEC.

Effect of Bose-Einstein condensation on the viscosity of a hot pion gas