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Collective behavior of people in large groups and emergent crowd dynamics canhave dangerous and disastrous results when panic is introduced. These eventscan be caused by emergency situations such as fires in a large building or astampeding effect when people are rushing in a densely packed area. In thispaper, we will use an agent-based modeling approach to simulate differentevacuation events in an attempt to understand what is the most efficientscenario. Specifically, we will focus on how people with disabilities areimpacted by chosen parameters during an emergency evacuation. We chose an ABMto simulate this because we want to specify specific roles for different"agents" in our model. Specifically, we will focus on the influence of peoplewith disabilities on crowd dynamics and the optimal exits. Does the placementof seating for people with disabilities affect the time it takes for the lastperson to exit the building? What effect does poor signage have on the time ittakes for able-bodied and people with disabilities to exit safely? What happensif some people do not know about alternative exits in their panicked state?Using our agent-based model, we will investigate these questions while alsoadjusting other outside effects such as the density of the crowd, the speed atwhich people exit, and the location of people at the start of the simulation.

Agent-Based Model of Crowd Dynamics in Emergency Situations: A Focus on People With Disabilities