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This paper presents an end-to-end design method for the synthesis ofdielectric metasurfaces with modulated thickness that are able to realizedesired radiation patterns in the far-field with high precision. The methodrelies on integral equations and the Method of Moments to calculate the inducedsurface and volumetric current densities throughout the metasurface upon agiven incident illumination. By avoiding homogenization of the dielectric layerand calculating directly the scattered fields through the Method of Moments,the near-field and far-field response of the metasurface can be accuratelypredicted and optimized. In particular, a design example of a modulateddielectric metasurface, fed by a single embedded line source, is presented forthe realization of a Chebyshev array pattern with -20 dB sidelobe level.Moreover, an externally-fed dielectric metasurface performing beam splitting ofa normally-incident plane wave is designed, 3-D printed and measured, showingtwo reflected beams at +-30 degrees, high suppression of specular reflections(> 14 dB) and satisfactory agreement with the simulated and desired radiationpatterns. The proposed design method for beamforming with dielectricmetasurfaces can find application in higher frequencies where the use of coppermay be problematic due to higher ohmic losses and fabrication challenges.

Synthesis of Modulated Dielectric Metasurfaces for Precise Antenna Beamforming