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The underlying mechanisms responsible for triboelectricity have yet to becompletely understood. We have previously proposed a model which explainscharge transfer in non-metals via band bending due to electromechanical,especially flexoelectric, effects at deformed asperities coupled with workfunction differences. Here, we investigate whether the shape of asperities isimportant for triboelectricity. The results indicate that the shape isimportant in general, since how the electromechanical response scales withforce and asperity size depends on the shape. This is qualitatively inagreement with experimental results. Further, we discuss how the impact of theshape depends on material, geometric, and electronic transport details.Additionally, gradient elasticity is incorporated into the model. As asperitycontact is a nanoscale phenomenon, size-dependent mechanics can becomesignificant and give more physically reasonable results. In some cases, theimpact of gradient elasticity terms on the electromechanical potentials is verylarge, indicating that standard elasticity theory is not enough to cover somerelevant cases in modelling triboelectricity.

Asperity Shape and Gradient Elasticity in Flexoelectric/Triboelectric Contacts