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The dynamic security assessment of power systems needs to scan contingenciesin a preselected set through time-domain simulations. With more and moreinverter-based-generation, such as wind and solar power generation, integratedinto power systems, electro-magnetic transient simulation is adopted. However,the complexity of simulation will increase greatly if inverter-based-generationunits are modeled in detail. In order to reduce the complexity of simulation ofpower systems including large-scale wind farms, it is critical to developdynamic equivalent methods for wind farms which are applicable to the expectedcontingency analysis. The dynamic response characteristics of permanent magnetsynchronous generator-wind turbine generators (PMSG-WTGs) are not onlyinfluenced by their control strategies, but also by the operating wind speedsand the fault severities. Thus, this paper proposes a dynamic equivalent methodfor PMSG-WTG based wind farms considering the wind speeds and the faultseverities. Firstly, this paper analyzes all possible response characteristicsof a PMSG-WTG and proposes a clustering method based on the operating windspeed and the terminal voltage of each PMSG-WTG at the end of the fault. Then,a single-machine equivalent method is introduced for each group of PMSG-WTGs.For the group of PMSG-WTGs with active power ramp recovery process, anequivalent model with segmented ramp rate limitation for active current isdesigned. In order to obtain the clustering indicators, a simulation-basediterative method is put forward to calculate the voltage at point of commonconnection (PCC) of the wind farm, and a PMSG-WTG terminal voltage calculationmethod is further presented. Eventually, the efficiency and accuracy of theproposed method are verified by the simulation results.

A Dynamic Equivalent Method for PMSG-WTG Based Wind Farms Considering wind Speeds and Fault Severities