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Background: Direct dental restoration implies a drying of the dentinsubstrate. This drying may induce significant strain in the dentin, affectingthe bonding efficiency of the restoration. Objective: We measure the dilatationof dentine under changes of relative humidity as well as the impact of humidityon dentin elastic properties. This investigates the role of relative humidityvariation during dental surgery on restoration lifetime. Methods: We havecoupled an environmental chamber to control both temperature and humidity onthe sample, with an optical microscope to measure precisely the strain on thesample surface, after a quantification of the measurement noise. This set-up isused on carefully prepared samples placed on a compression device to measurethe elastic parameters. Results: Dentin dilates when the relative humidityincreases, with a coefficient of hygroscopic expansion of typically 6.10-3%.(%RH)-1. This dilatation occurs in about ten minutes. Young modulus andPoisson's ratio are not modified by the variation of relative humidity.Conclusions: Hygroscopic expansion is an order of magnitude larger than thermalexpansion during dental surgery: around 0.3% with respect to 0.03%. Theselevels are low with respect to dental rupture, but may induce a significantdecrease of the life-expectancy of a restoration.

Measure of the hygroscopic expansion of human dentin