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5G Cell Search (CS) is the first step for user equipment (UE) to initiate thecommunication with the 5G node B (gNB) every time it is powered ON. In cellularnetworks, CS is accomplished via synchronization signals (SS) broadcasted bygNB. 5G 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) specifications offer adetailed discussion on the SS generation at gNB but a limited understanding oftheir blind search, and detection is available. Unlike 4G, 5G SS may not betransmitted at the center of carrier frequency and their frequency location isunknown to UE. In this work, we demonstrate the 5G CS by designing 3GPPcompatible hardware realization of the physical layer (PHY) of the gNBtransmitter and UE receiver. The proposed SS detection explores a noveldown-sampling approach resulting in a significant reduction in complexity andlatency. Via detailed performance analysis, we analyze the functionalcorrectness, computational complexity, and latency of the proposed approach fordifferent word lengths, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and down-sampling factors.We demonstrate the complete CS functionality on GNU Radio-based RFNoC frameworkand USRP-FPGA platform. The 3GPP compatibility and demonstration on hardwarestrengthen the commercial significance of the proposed work.

Design and Performance Analysis of Hardware Realization of 3GPP Physical Layer for 5G Cell Search