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The circumgalactic medium (CGM) plays a pivotal role in regulating gas flowsaround galaxies and thus shapes their evolution. However, the details of howgalaxies and their CGM co-evolve remain poorly understood. We present a newtime-dependent two-zone model that self-consistently tracks not just mass andmetal flows between galaxies and their CGM but also the evolution of the globalthermal and turbulent kinetic energy of the CGM. Our model accounts for heatingand turbulence driven by both supernova winds and cosmic accretion as well asradiative cooling, turbulence dissipation, and halo outflows due to CGMoverpressurization. We demonstrate that, depending on parameters, the CGM canundergo a phase transition (``thermalization'') from a cool,turbulence-supported phase to a virial-temperature, thermally-supported phase.This CGM phase transition is largely determined by the ability of radiativecooling to balance heating from supernova winds and turbulence dissipation. Weperform an initial calibration of our model to the FIRE-2 cosmologicalhydrodynamical simulations and show that it can approximately reproduce thebaryon cycles of the simulated halos. In particular, we find that, for theseparameters, the phase transition occurs at high-redshift in ultrafaintprogenitors and at low redshift in classical $M_{\rm vir}\sim10^{11}M_{\odot}$dwarfs, while Milky Way-mass halos undergo the transition at $z\approx0.5$. Wesee a similar transition in the simulations though it is more gradual, likelyreflecting radial dependence and multi-phase gas not captured by our model. Wediscuss these and other limitations of the model and possible futureextensions.

A unified model for the co-evolution of galaxies and their circumgalactic medium: the relative roles of turbulence and atomic cooling physics