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Future satellite networks are expected to have thousands of low Earth orbit(LEO) satellites orbiting Earth at very high speeds. User equipment (UE)communicating directly with LEO satellites will experience frequent handovers.Managing the handover process is complicated due to the high frequency ofhandovers and the availability of multiple LEO satellites as handover targets.In addition, as the status of the communication link between a UE and an LEOsatellite varies in accordance with the visibility period of the satellite,initiating handovers at the right time will significantly affect the quality ofservice (QoS) of the communication provided. To address this problem, this workproposes a graph-based customizable handover framework that considers both thehandover timing and target while selecting a handover sequence that maintainsQoS. A time-based graph is designed where the vertices represent thesatellites' instances over a certain period of time and the edges' weights arethe customizable handover criteria (i.e., data rate and delay in this work).The appropriate sequence and timing of handovers that fulfill the required QoSare obtained by finding the shortest path in the graph. Discussion andsimulations, which were conducted on the Starlink Phase I constellation, showthe low complexity and performance advantages of the proposed handoverframework.

A Graph-Based Customizable Handover Framework for LEO Satellite Networks