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We will study the impact of adolescent sports participation onearly-adulthood health using longitudinal data from the National Study of Youthand Religion. We focus on two primary outcomes measured at ages 23--28 --self-rated health and total score on the PHQ9 Patient Depression Questionnaire-- and control for several potential confounders related to demographics andfamily socioeconomic status. Comparing outcomes between sports participants andmatched non-sports participants with similar confounders is straightforward.Unfortunately, an analysis based on such a broad exposure cannot probe thepossibility that participation in certain types of sports (e.g., collisionsports like football or soccer) may have larger effects on health than others.  In this study, we introduce a hierarchy of exposure definitions, ranging frombroad (participation in any after-school organized activity) to narrow (e.g.,participation in limited-contact sports). We will perform separate matchedobservational studies, one for each definition, to estimate the health effectsof several levels of sports participation. In order to conduct these studieswhile maintaining a fixed family-wise error rate, we deployed an orderedtesting approach that exploits the logical relationships between exposuredefinitions. Our study will also consider several secondary outcomes includingbody mass index, life satisfaction, and problematic drinking behavior.

Pre-analysis protocol for an observational study on the effects of adolescent sports participation on health in early adulthood