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This work is concerned with the numerical simulation of ablation ofgeological materials using a millimetre wave source. To this end, a newmathematical model is developed for a thermal approach to the problem, allowingfor large scale simulations, whilst being able to include the strongtemperature dependence of material parameters to ensure accurate modelling ofpower input into the rock. The model presented is implemented within anadaptive meshing framework, such that resolution can be placed where needed,for example at the borehole wall, to further improve the computationalefficiency of large scale simulations. This approach allows for both theheating of the rock, and the removal of evaporated material, allowing rate ofpenetration and the shape of the resulting borehole to be quantified. The modelis validated against experimental results, which indicates that the approachcan accurately predict temperatures, and temperature gradients within the rock.The validated model is then exercised to obtain initial results demonstratingits capabilities for simulating the millimetre wave drilling process. Theeffects of the conditions at the surface of the rock are investigated,highlighting the importance of understanding the physical processes which occurbetween the wave guide and the rock. Additionally, the absorptivity of therock, and the impact this has on the evaporation behaviour is considered.Simulations are carried out both for isotropic rock, and also for amulti-strata configuration. It is found that strata between similar rock types,such as granite and basalt, absorptive properties pose little problem foruniform drilling. However, larger variations in material parameters are shownto have strong implications on the evaporation behaviour of the wellbore, andhence the resulting structure.

Thermal Simulation of Millimetre Wave Ablation of Geological Materials