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Conventional electric power systems are composed of different unidirectionalpower flow stages of generation, transmission, and distribution, managedindependently by transmission system and distribution system operators.However, as distribution systems increase in complexity due to the integrationof distributed energy resources, coordination between transmission anddistribution networks will be imperative for the optimal operation of the powergrid. However, coupling models and formulations between transmission anddistribution is non-trivial, in particular due to the common practice ofmodeling transmission systems as single-phase, and distribution systems asmulti-conductor phase-unbalanced. To enable the rapid prototyping of power flowformulations, in particular in the modeling of the boundary conditions betweenthese two seemingly incompatible data models, we introduce PowerModelsITD.jl, afree, open-source toolkit written in Julia for integratedtransmission-distribution (ITD) optimization that leverages mature optimizationlibraries from the InfrastructureModels.jl-ecosystem. The primary objective ofthe proposed framework is to provide baseline implementations of steady-stateITD optimization problems, while providing a common platform for the evaluationof emerging formulations and optimization problems. In this work, we introducethe nonlinear formulations currently supported in PowerModelsITD.jl, whichinclude AC-polar, AC-rectangular, current-voltage, and a linear networktransportation model. Results are validated using combinations of IEEEtransmission and distribution networks.

Modeling and Rapid Prototyping of Integrated Transmission-Distribution OPF Formulations with PowerModelsITD.jl