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Although the magnetic order is suppressed by a strong magnetic frustration,it is maintained but appears in complex order forms such as a cycloid or spindensity wave in weakly frustrated systems. Herein, we report a weaklymagnetic-frustrated two-dimensional van der Waals material CrPSe$_3$.Polycrystalline CrPSe$_3$ was synthesized at an optimized temperature of700$^\circ$C to avoid the formation of any secondary phases (e.g.,Cr$_2$Se$_3$). The antiferromagnetic transition appeared at $T_N\sim 126$ Kwith a large Curie-Weiss temperature $T_{\rm CW} \sim -371$ via magneticsusceptibility measurements, indicating weak frustration in CrPSe$_3$ with afrustration factor $f (|T_{\rm CW}|/T_N) \sim 3$. Evidently, the formation oflong-range incommensurate spin-density wave antiferromagnetic order with thepropagation vector $k = (0, 0.04, 0)$ was revealed by neutron diffractionmeasurements at low temperatures (below 120K). The monoclinic crystal structureof C2/m symmetry is preserved over the studied temperature range down to 20K,as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy measurements. Our findings on the spindensity wave antiferromagnetic order in two-dimensional (2D) magneticmaterials, not previously observed in the MPX$_3$ family, are expected toenrich the physics of magnetism at the 2D limit, thereby opening opportunitiesfor their practical applications in spintronics and quantum devices.

Incommensurate antiferromagnetic order in weakly frustrated two-dimensional van der Waals insulator CrPSe$_3$