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Achieving high repeatability and efficiency in laser-induced strong shockwave excitation remains a significant technical challenge, as evidenced by theextensive efforts undertaken at large-scale national laboratories to optimizethe compression of light element pellets. In this study, we propose and model anovel optical design for generating strong shocks at a tabletop scale. Ourapproach leverages the spatial and temporal shaping of multiple laser pulses toform concentric laser rings on condensed matter samples. Each laser ringinitiates a two-dimensional focusing shock wave that overlaps and convergeswith preceding shock waves at a central point within the ring. We presentpreliminary experimental results for a single ring configuration. To enablehigh-power laser focusing at the micron scale, we demonstrate experimentallythe feasibility of employing dielectric metasurfaces with exceptional damagethreshold, experimentally determined to be 1.1 J/cm2, as replacements forconventional optics. These metasurfaces enable the creation of pristine,high-fluence laser rings essential for launching stable shock waves inmaterials. Herein, we showcase results obtained using a water sample, achievingshock pressures in the gigapascal (GPa) range. Our findings provide a promisingpathway towards the application of laser-induced strong shock compression incondensed matter at the microscale.

High-power laser beam shaping using a metasurface for shock excitation and focusing at the microscale