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Superconducting qubit lifetimes must be both long and stable to provide anadequate foundation for quantum computing. This stability is imperiled bytwo-level systems (TLSs), currently a dominant loss mechanism, which exhibitslow spectral dynamics that destabilize qubit lifetimes on hour timescales.Stability is also threatened at millisecond timescales, where ionizingradiation has recently been found to cause bursts of correlated multi-qubitdecays, complicating quantum error correction. Here we study both ionizingradiation and TLS dynamics on a 27-qubit processor, repurposing the standardtransmon qubits as sensors of both radiation impacts and TLS dynamics. Unlikeprior literature, we observe resilience of the qubit lifetimes to the transientquasiparticles generated by the impact of radiation. However, we also observe anew interaction between these two processes, "TLS scrambling," in which aradiation impact causes multiple TLSs to jump in frequency, which we suggest isdue to the same charge rearrangement sensed by qubits near a radiation impact.As TLS scrambling brings TLSs out of or in to resonance with the qubit, thelifetime of the qubit increases or decreases. Our findings thus identifyradiation as a new contribution to fluctuations in qubit lifetimes, withimplications for efforts to characterize and improve device stability

TLS Dynamics in a Superconducting Qubit Due to Background Ionizing Radiation