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Windows OS is facing a huge rise in kernel attacks. An overview of populartechniques that result in loading kernel drivers will be presented. One of thekey targets of modern threats is disabling and blinding Microsoft Defender, adefault Windows AV. The analysis of recent driver-based attacks will be given,the challenge is to block them. The survey of user- and kernel-level attacks onMicrosoft Defender will be given. One of the recently published attackerstechniques abuses Mandatory Integrity Control (MIC) and Security ReferenceMonitor (SRM) by modifying Integrity Level and Debug Privileges for theMicrosoft Defender via syscalls. However, this user-mode attack can be blockedvia the Windows 'trust labels' mechanism. The presented paper discovered theinternals of MIC and SRM, including the analysis of Microsoft Defender duringmalware detection. We show how attackers can attack Microsoft Defender using akernel-mode driver. This driver modifies the fields of the Token structureallocated for the Microsoft Defender application. The presented attack resultedin disabling Microsoft Defender, without terminating any of its processes andwithout triggering any Windows security features, such as PatchGuard. Thecustomized hypervisor-based solution named MemoryRanger was used to protect theWindows Defender kernel structures. The experiments show that MemoryRangersuccessfully restricts access to the sensitive kernel data from illegal accessattempts with affordable performance degradation.

Microsoft Defender Will Be Defended: MemoryRanger Prevents Blinding Windows AV