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Beyond diagonal reconfigurable intelligent surface (BD-RIS) is a novel branchof RIS which breaks through the limitation of traditional RIS with diagonalscattering matrices. However, the existing research focuses on BD-RIS withfixed architectures regardless of channel state information (CSI), which limitthe achievable performance of BD-RIS. To solve this issue, in this paper, wepropose a novel dynamically group-connected BD-RIS based on a dynamic groupingstrategy. Specifically, RIS antennas are dynamically divided into severalsubsets adapting to the CSI, yielding a permuted block-diagonal scatteringmatrix. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed dynamically group-connectedBD-RIS, we propose an efficient algorithm to optimize the BD-RIS with dynamicgrouping for a BD-RIS-assisted multi-user multiple-input single-output system.Simulation results show that the proposed dynamically group-connectedarchitecture outperforms fixed group-connected architectures.

A Dynamic Grouping Strategy for Beyond Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces with Hybrid Transmitting and Reflecting Mode