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In most multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, theamount of information that can be transmitted reliably depends on the effectivedegrees of freedom (EDoF) of the wireless channel. Conventionally, one canmodel the channel matrix and study the EDoF, based on an electromagnetic (EM)channel model that is built with the free space Green's function. However, theEDoF of free-space channel model may not fit the practical scenario when EMwaves only transmit above the ground. In this paper, we analyze the EDoF forboth discrete and continuous aperture MIMO systems in the half space. We alsopropose an approach to quickly calculate the Green function in the half spacefrom the Sommerfeld identity. Simulation results show that the differencebetween the EDoF in the half space and that in the free space is non-negligiblefor the near field communications, which indicates that the ground exertsnoticeable influence on EDoF. The proposed study establishes a fundamentalelectromagnetic framework for MIMO wireless communication in the half space.

Electromagnetic Channel Model for Near Field MIMO Systems in The Half Space