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Metaverse is a vast virtual environment parallel to the physical world inwhich users enjoy a variety of services acting as an avatar. To build a secureliving habitat, it's vital to ensure the virtual-physical traceability thattracking a malicious player in the physical world via his avatars in virtualspace. In this paper, we propose a two-factor authentication framework based onchameleon signature and biometric-based authentication. First, aiming atdisguise in virtual space, we propose a chameleon collision signature algorithmto achieve the verifiability of the avatar's virtual identity. Second, facingat impersonation in physical world, we construct an avatar's identity modelbased on the player's biometric template and the chameleon key to realize theverifiability of the avatar's physical identity. Finally, we design twodecentralized authentication protocols based on the avatar's identity model toensure the consistency of the avatar's virtual and physical identities.Security analysis indicates that the proposed authentication frameworkguarantees the consistency and traceability of avatar's identity. Simulationexperiments show that the framework not only completes the decentralizedauthentication between avatars but also achieves the virtual-physical tracking.

A Secure Authentication Framework to Guarantee the Traceability of Avatars in Metaverse