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Spark ignition of ethanol droplet/vapor/air mixture is studied with aEulerian-Eulerian method and detailed chemical mechanism. The flamekernel-droplet interaction is quantified with an evaporation completion front(ECF). Two categories of spray flames can hence be defined based on therelative location between the ECF and flame front, i.e., homogeneous andheterogeneous spray flames. An element-based equivalence ratio (ER) at theflame front (flame ER for short) is introduced to measure the gas compositionin evaporating sprays. For overall fuel-lean mixtures, quasi-stationaryspherical flame (QSSF) occurs due to lean flame ER and the composition at theQSSF front is homogeneous. For overall fuel-rich two-phase mixtures,re-ignition, after the spark-ignited kernel fails, is observed when the dropletdiameter is 15 {\mu}m for fuel sprays with both fuel-lean and fuel-richbackground gas. This is due to rich flame ER and/or strong evaporative heatloss. Meanwhile, the kernel is born in a heterogeneous mixture and transitioninto homogeneous state is found. For both overall lean and rich two-phasemixtures, fuel droplets affect the ignitability and flame trajectories.Moreover, ignition energy affects the flame ER and front distance at the earlystage of kernel development. Lastly, the minimum ignition energies (MIE) withdifferent gas and overall ERs are investigated.

Spark-ignited kernel dynamics in fine ethanol sprays and their relations with minimum ignition energy