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Density dowmramp injection has been demonstrated to be an elegant andefficient approach for generating high quality electron beams in laserwakefield accelerators. Yet, the charge of the produced beam is tens of pC perJoule of laser energy, still limiting its use for a wider range ofapplications. The possibility of generating high charge beam while keeping agood beam quality, stays to be explored. Moreover, despite previous studiesfocused on separate physical processes such as beam loading which affects theuniformity of the acceleration field and thus the energy spread of the trappedelectrons, repulsive force from the rear spike of the bubble which reduces thetransverse momentum $p_\perp$ of the trapped electrons and results in smallbeam emmittance, and the laser evolution when travelling in plasma. A moregeneral investigation of the plasma density parameters on the final beamproperties is required. In this work, we demonstrate that the current profileof the injected electron beam is directly correlated with the densitytransition parameters, which further affects the beam charge and energy spread.By fine-tuning the plasma density parameters, high-charge (up to severalhundreds of pC) and low-energy-spread (around 1\% FWHM) electron beams can beobtained. All these results are supported by large-scale three-dimensionalparticle-in-cell simulations.

Control of electron beam current, charge and energy spread using density downramp injection in laser wakefield accelerators