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After robust connectivity, precise positioning is evolving into an innovativecomponent of 5G service offerings for industrial use-cases and verticals withchallenging indoor radio environments. In this direction, the 3GPP Rel-16standard has been a tipping point in specifying critical innovations, followedby enhancements in Rel-17+. In this article, we follow this path to elaborateon the 5G positioning framework, measurements, and methods before shifting thefocus to carrier-phase (CP) measurements as a complementary measure for time-and angular-based positioning methods toward achieving centimeter-levelaccuracy. As this path is not without challenges, we discuss these and outlinepotential solutions. As an example of solutions, we study how phase-continuousreference signaling can counter noisy phase measurements using realisticsimulations in an indoor factory (InF) scenario.

Indoor Positioning Trends in 5G-Advanced: Challenges and Solution towards Centimeter-level Accuracy