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Phycobilisomes (PBS) are massive structures that absorb and transfer lightenergy to photochemical reaction centers. Among the range of light harvestingsystems, PBS are considered to be excellent solutions for absorptioncross-sections but relatively inefficient energy transferring systems. This isdue to the combination of a large number of chromophores with intermediatecoupling distances. Nevertheless, PBS systems persisted from the origin ofoxygenic photosynthesis to present day cyanobacteria and red algae, organismsthat account for approximately half of the primary productivity in the ocean.In this study we modeled energy transfer through subsets of PBS structures,using a comprehensive dynamic Hamiltonian model. Our approach was applied,initially, to pairs of phycobilin hexamers and then extended to short rods. Bymanipulating the distances and angles between the structures we could probe thedynamics of exciton transfer. These simulations suggest that the PBSchromophore network enhances energy distribution over the entire PBS structure,both horizontally and vertically to the rod axis. Furthermore, energy transferwas found to be relatively immune to the effects of distances or rotations,within the range of intermediate coupling distances. Therefore, we suggest thatthe PBS provides unique advantages and flexibility to aquatic photosynthesis.

Large scale FRET simulations reveal the control parameters of phycobilisome light harvesting complexes