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Non-Hermitian degeneracies, also known as exceptional points (EPs), have beenthe focus of much attention due to their singular eigenvalue surface structure.Nevertheless, as pertaining to a non-Hermitian metasurface platform, thereduction of an eigenspace dimensionality at the EP has been investigatedmostly in a passive repetitive manner. Here, we propose an electrical andspectral way of resolving chiral EPs and clarifying the consequences of chiralmode collapsing of a non-Hermitian gated graphene metasurface. Morespecifically, the measured non-Hermitian Jones matrix in parameter spaceenables the quantification of nonorthogonality of polarisation eigenstates andhalf-integer topological charges associated with a chiral EP. Interestingly,the output polarisation state can be made orthogonal to the coalescedpolarisation eigenstate of the metasurface, revealing the missing dimension atthe chiral EP. In addition, the maximal nonorthogonality at the chiral EP leadsto a blocking of one of the cross-polarised transmission pathways and,consequently, the observation of enhanced asymmetric polarisation conversion.We anticipate that electrically controllable non-Hermitian metasurfaceplatforms can serve as an interesting framework for the investigation of richnon-Hermitian polarisation dynamics around chiral EPs.

Non-Hermitian chiral degeneracy of gated graphene metasurfaces