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Climate change has been identified as one of the most critical threats tohuman civilization and sustainability. Wildfires, which produce huge amounts ofcarbon emission, are both drivers and results of climate change. An early andtimely wildfire detection system can constrain fires to short and small onesand yield significant carbon reduction. In this paper, we propose to use groundsensor deployment and satellite Internet of Things (IoT) technologies forwildfire detection by taking advantage of satellites' ubiquitous globalcoverage. We first develop an optimal IoT sensor placement strategy based onfire ignition and detection models. Then, we analyze the uplink satellitecommunication budget and the bandwidth required for wildfire detection underthe narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) radio interface. Finally, we conduct simulations onthe California wildfire database and quantify the potential economical benefitsby factoring in carbon emission reductions and sensor/bandwidth costs.

Sensor Deployment and Link Analysis in Satellite IoT Systems for Wildfire Detection