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Tidal currents are renewable and predictable energy sources that could provefundamental to decrease dependency from fossil fuels. Tidal currents, however,are highly unsteady and non uniform, resulting in undesirable load fluctuationson the blades and the drive train of turbines. A passive morphing blade conceptcapable to reduce the load fluctuations without affecting the mean loads hasrecently been formulated and demonstrated with numerical simulations (Pisettaet al., 2022). In this paper, we present the first demonstration of thismorphing blade concept, through experimental tests on a 1.2 m diameter turbine.We show that fluctuations in the root-bending moment, thrust and torque areconsistently reduced over a broad range of tip-speed ratios. This work alsohighlights some critical design aspects of morphing blades. For instance, it isshowed that the friction resistance can substantially decrease theeffectiveness of the system and thus must be minimised by design. Overall thispaper demonstrates for the first time the effectiveness of morphing blades fortidal turbines, paving the way to the future development of this technology.

Model-scale experiments of passive pitch control for tidal turbines