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This paper proposes a protocol for Proof of Assets of a bitcoin exchangeusing the Zero-Knowledge Succinct Non-Interactive Argument of Knowledge(ZK-SNARK) without revealing either the bitcoin addresses of the exchange orbalances associated with those addresses. The proof of assets is a mechanism toprove the total value of bitcoins the exchange has authority to spend using itsprivate keys. We construct a privacy-preserving ZK-SNARK proof system to provethe knowledge of the private keys corresponding to the bitcoin assets of anexchange. The ZK-SNARK tool-chain helps to convert an NP-Statement for provingthe knowledge of the private keys (known to the exchange) into a circuitsatisfiability problem. In this protocol, the exchange creates a Pedersencommitment to the value of bitcoins associated with each address withoutrevealing the balance. The simulation results show that the proof generationtime, size, and verification time are efficient in practice.

A ZK-SNARK based Proof of Assets Protocol for Bitcoin Exchanges