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Laser heterodyne interferometry plays a key role in the proof mass's monitorand control by measuring its multiple degrees of freedom motions in the SpaceGravitational Wave Detection. Laboratory development ofpolarization-multiplexing heterodyne interferometer (PMHI) using quadrantphotodetectors (QPD) is presented in this paper, intended for measuring thetranslation and tilt of a proof mass. The system is of symmetric design, whichcan expand to five degrees of freedom measurements based onpolarization-multiplexing and differential wavefront sensing (DWS). Theground-simulated experimental results demonstrate that a measurement noise of 3pm/Hz$^{1/2}$ and 2 nrad/Hz$^{1/2}$ at 1 Hz have been achieved respectively.The tilt-to-length error is dominated by geometric misalignment for the currentsystem, the coupling of which is at micrometer level within a tilt range of1000 {\mu}rad.

Laboratory development of a heterodyne interferometric system for  translation and tilt measurement of the proof mass in the space gravitational  wave detection