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Near-term quantum systems tend to be noisy. Crosstalk noise has beenrecognized as one of several major types of noises in superconducting NoisyIntermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices. Crosstalk arises from the concurrentexecution of two-qubit gates on nearby qubits, such as \texttt{CX}. It mightsignificantly raise the error rate of gates in comparison to running themindividually. Crosstalk can be mitigated through scheduling or hardware machinetuning. Prior scientific studies, however, manage crosstalk at a really latephase in the compilation process, usually after hardware mapping is done. Itmay miss great opportunities of optimizing algorithm logic, routing, andcrosstalk at the same time. In this paper, we push the envelope by consideringall these factors simultaneously at the very early compilation stage. Wepropose a crosstalk-aware quantum program compilation framework called CQC thatcan enhance crosstalk mitigation while achieving satisfactory circuit depth.Moreover, we identify opportunities for translation from intermediaterepresentation to the circuit for application-specific crosstalk mitigation,for instance, the \texttt{CX} ladder construction in variational quantumeigensolvers (VQE). Evaluations through simulation and on real IBM-Q devicesshow that our framework can significantly reduce the error rate by up to6$\times$, with only $\sim$60\% circuit depth compared to state-of-the-art gatescheduling approaches. In particular, for VQE, we demonstrate 49\% circuitdepth reduction with 9.6\% fidelity improvement over prior art on the H4molecule using IBMQ Guadalupe. Our CQC framework will be released on GitHub.

A Synergistic Compilation Workflow for Tackling Crosstalk in Quantum Machines