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If a disturbance rocks a low-inertia power system, the frequency decline maybe too rapid to arrest before it triggers undesirable responses from generatorsand loads. In the worst case, this instability could lead to blackout and majorequipment damage. Electric utilities, to combat this, study inertia adequacy insystems that are particularly vulnerable. This process, involving detailedtransient simulations, usually leads to a notion of a system-wide inertiafloor. Ongoing questions in this analysis are in how to set the inertial floorand to what extent the location of frequency control resources matters. Thispaper proposes a new analysis technique that quantifies theoretical locationalrate of change of frequency (ROCOF) as a computationally efficient screeningalgorithm scalable to large systems. An additional challenge in moving thisarea forward is the lack of high-quality, public benchmark dynamics cases. Thispaper presents a synthetic case for such purposes and a methodology forvalidation, to ensure that it is well suited to inertia adequacy studies toimprove electric grid performance.

Inertia Adequacy in Transient Stability Models for Synthetic Electric Grids