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The emphasis on inertia for system stability has been a long-held traditionin conventional grids. The fast and flexible controllability of inverters opensup new possibilities. This paper investigates the {first-swing stability} ofinverter-based inertia-free power systems. We illustrate that by replacinginertia with fast primary control (i.e. inertia-free), the first-swingstability region is greatly extended compared to the classic equal areacriterion of inertia-rich systems. The extended stability region is fullydecentralised and ensures whole-system stability for all swing modes across alltimescales and interaction boundaries in a complex grid. The removal of inertiahas impacts on frequency stability but these impacts can be well mitigated. Thefindings of the paper are proved mathematically and verified by simulation onthe IEEE 68-bus system.

Whole-System First-Swing Stability of Inverter-Based Inertia-Free Power Systems