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We consider a two-ray ground reflection scenario with unknown distancebetween transmitter and receiver. By utilizing two frequencies in parallel, wecan mitigate possible destructive interference and ensure ultra-reliabilitywith only very limited knowledge at the transmitter. In order to achieve thisultra-reliability, we optimize the frequency spacing such that the worst-casereceive power is maximized. Additionally, we provide an algorithm to calculatethe optimal frequency spacing. Besides the receive power, we also analyze theachievable rate and outage probability. It is shown that the frequencydiversity scheme achieves a significant improvement in terms of reliabilityover using a single frequency. In particular, we demonstrate the effectivenessof the proposed approach by a numerical simulation of a unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV) flying above flat terrain.

A Simple Frequency Diversity Scheme for Ultra-Reliable Communications in Ground Reflection Scenarios