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Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MaMIMO) has become an integral partof the fifth-generation (5G) standard, and is envisioned to be furtherdeveloped in beyond 5G (B5G) networks. With a massive number of antennas at thebase station (BS), MaMIMO is best equipped to cater prominent use cases of B5Gnetworks such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), ultra-reliable low-latencycommunications (URLLC) and massive machine-type communications (mMTC) orcombinations thereof. However, one of the critical challenges to this pursuitis the sporadic access behaviour of a massive number of devices in practicalnetworks that inevitably leads to the conspicuous pilot contamination problem.Conventional linearly precoded physical layer strategies employed for downlinktransmission in time division duplex (TDD) MaMIMO would incur a noticeablespectral efficiency (SE) loss in the presence of this pilot contamination. Inthis paper, we aim to integrate a robust multiple access and interferencemanagement strategy named rate-splitting multiple access (RSMA) with TDD MaMIMOfor downlink transmission and investigate its SE performance. We propose anovel downlink transmission framework of RSMA in TDD MaMIMO, devise a precoderdesign strategy and power allocation schemes to maximize different networkutility functions. Numerical results reveal that RSMA is significantly morerobust to pilot contamination and always achieves a SE performance that isequal to or better than the conventional linearly precoded MaMIMO transmissionstrategy.

Mitigating Intra-Cell Pilot Contamination in Massive MIMO: A Rate Splitting Approach